【since的八种用法详解】“since”是一个在英语中非常常见的介词和连词,其用法多样,理解起来容易混淆。为了帮助学习者更好地掌握“since”的使用方法,本文将从八个方面详细解析“since”的不同用法,并结合例句进行说明。
一、表示“自从……以来”(时间状语)
用法说明:
“since”常用于表示某个动作或状态从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在。
例句:
- I have lived here since 2015.
- She has been a teacher since she graduated.
二、引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完成时)
用法说明:
当主句使用现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)时,“since”引导的时间状语从句通常表示一个过去的具体时间点。
例句:
- They have known each other since they were children.
- He has worked at this company since last year.
三、表示“因为”(原因)
用法说明:
“since”可以表示原因,相当于“because”或“as”,但语气更正式一些。
例句:
- Since it was raining, we stayed home.
- Since you are tired, let’s go to bed early.
四、表示“既然”(让步)
用法说明:
“since”有时也可表示“既然”,表达一种让步或前提条件。
例句:
- Since you are free now, why not help me?
- Since he is the boss, we must obey him.
五、表示“鉴于”或“考虑到”(强调背景)
用法说明:
在这种情况下,“since”用来引出某种背景信息或前提,类似“given that”。
例句:
- Since the weather is bad, the event will be postponed.
- Since you’re new here, I’ll explain everything again.
六、作为介词,表示“从……起”(与时间名词连用)
用法说明:
“since”作介词时,常与具体的时间点连用,表示“从……起”。
例句:
- He has been in Paris since Monday.
- The meeting started since 9 a.m.
七、表示“由于”或“因为”(较口语化)
用法说明:
在口语中,“since”也可以用来表示原因,但不如“because of”常见。
例句:
- Since you didn’t call, I thought you were busy.
- Since it’s your birthday, let’s go out for dinner.
八、用于“it is...since...”结构
用法说明:
这种结构表示“自……以来已经过了多长时间”,常用于描述过去发生的事情距离现在有多久。
例句:
- It is three years since we last met.
- It has been five days since the accident happened.
总结表格:
序号 | 用法类型 | 用法说明 | 例句 |
1 | 表示“自从……以来” | 强调时间起点 | I have lived here since 2015. |
2 | 时间状语从句 | 主句用现在完成时 | They have known each other since they were children. |
3 | 表示“因为” | 相当于“because” | Since it was raining, we stayed home. |
4 | 表示“既然” | 表达让步或前提 | Since you are free now, why not help me? |
5 | 表示“鉴于” | 强调背景或前提 | Since the weather is bad, the event will be postponed. |
6 | 介词,表示“从……起” | 与时间名词连用 | He has been in Paris since Monday. |
7 | 表示“由于” | 口语中使用 | Since you didn’t call, I thought you were busy. |
8 | “it is...since...”结构 | 表示“自……以来已经过了多长时间” | It is three years since we last met. |
通过以上八种用法的梳理,可以看出“since”在英语中的灵活性和多样性。掌握这些用法不仅能提高语言表达的准确性,还能增强对英语句子结构的理解能力。希望这篇文章能帮助你更好地理解和运用“since”。